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运用学习理论设计教学材料：以全球化教学为例
[英]彼得·贾维斯
（萨里大学 文学院，英国）
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【摘要】学习的最基本含义是，通过认知、情感和实践的手段改变学习者的体验。本文将分析如何基于这一含义设计人文社会科学方面的课程和专业。人类生活中，心理环境、社会环境和物理环境要和谐，只要有不和谐状态发生，我们就会设法改变各方面的环境，从而重建这些关系，或者创建新型的关系。教学也是这样一种过程，通过该过程，我们可以或者应当提供新的信息、观念和价值等，以对学习者的现状进行干扰，帮助学习者获得新知识。新内容的展示是可以引起质疑的过程，学习者在这一过程中将设法建立新的和谐关系，教师也可以利用学习者对不和谐状态在认知（知识、信念和价值观）、情感和实践上的反应引导学习者。学习的结果始终是改变了的人。尽管本文主要是理论性的，但也有实践的一面，将以全球化为例进行说明，可作为构建课程的基础。
【关键词】学习理论； 教学材料； 全球化
【中图分类号】G442
【文献标识码】A
【文章编号】1007-2179（2005）06-0024-06 |
Using Learning Theory to Design Teaching Materials:A Case Study Using Globalisation
Peter Jarvis
（School of Arts, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK）
Abstract: Learning, at its most fundamental, is the transformation of the learners’ experience through cognitive, emotive and practical means. In this presentation we will show how this understanding of learning might be used to design programmes and courses in the social sciences and humanities.
Human living is about being in harmony with our psychological, social and physical environment and whenever disjuncture occurs we seek to re-establish those relationships or to create new ones as a result of the changed conditions. Teaching is a process whereby we help create experiences for learners in which we can/should disturb their status quo through the presentation of new information, ideas, values, and so on. Through the presentation of new material we can generate a questioning process through which they will seek a new harmony, so that the teachers can then guide the learners through cognitive (knowledge, beliefs and values), emotive and practical responses to the disjuncture that the teaching input has generated. The outcome of the learning is always a changed person.
While this presentation is essentially theoretical, there is a practical dimension that can become a basis for course constructionglobalisation is taken as an illustrative topic.
Key words: learning theory; teaching materials; globalisation
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