学科教学中学习文化的培育*

徐斌艳

（华东师范大学 课程与教学研究所，上海 200062）

【摘要】教师传授方式与学生学习方式之间的落差，导致学生体验到的学科知识基本上是“成品知识”，学生很少有机会独立探索与领会知识以及知识背后的思想与方法。为缩小这种落差，需要培育一种学习文化，也就是强调教师应向学生提供充分从事学科活动的机会，帮助他们在自主探索和合作交流的过程中真正理解和掌握基本的学科知识与技能、学科思想和方法，获得广泛的学科活动经验，使学生对知识的理解达到一个更高的层次。项目学习不失为一种培育学习文化的实践模式。

【关键词】学科教学；学习文化培育；理解性学习；项目学习

【中图分类号】G40-055

【文献标识码】A

【文章编号】1007-2179（2007）04-0019-04

*本文是教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“促进学习文化转变的教学设计研究”的阶段性成果之一，项目批准号：05JJD88006。

Cultivating Learning Culture within Subject Teaching

XU Binyan

（Institute of Curriculum and Instruction, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China）

Abstract: The disparity between teaching method of teacher and learning method of student, causes that students experience mainly structured "established knowledge", which means that they have few opportunities to make independent inquiry and comprehend thoughts and approaches underlying knowledge. In order to reduce such disparity, it is desirable to cultivate a new learning culture. The focus of the learning culture should be that teacher provides opportunities for students to engage in subject action, helping them to obtain wide subject experiences by actively inquiring and cooperating to grasp and understand subject knowledge, skill, thought and method, and also to reach the high level of understanding. Thus the projectbased learning is appropriate practice model to cultivate the learning culture.

Key words: subject teaching；cultivating learning culture；learning for understanding；projectbased- learning